Go Structs #

A struct (short for structure) in Go is used to group together members of different data types into a single variable. While arrays store multiple values of the same type, structs store multiple values of different types. Structs are useful for creating records.

Declare a Struct #

Use the type and struct keywords to declare a struct:

type Person struct {
  name string
  age int
  job string
  salary int
}

Tip: Struct members can have different data types. For example, name and job are string, while age and salary are int.

Access Struct Members #

Use the dot operator (.) to access members of a struct.

package main
import "fmt"

type Person struct {
  name string
  age int
  job string
  salary int
}

func main() {
  var pers1 Person
  var pers2 Person

  // Pers1 specification
  pers1.name = "Hege"
  pers1.age = 45
  pers1.job = "Teacher"
  pers1.salary = 6000

  // Pers2 specification
  pers2.name = "Cecilie"
  pers2.age = 24
  pers2.job = "Marketing"
  pers2.salary = 4500

  // Access and print Pers1 info
  fmt.Println("Name: ", pers1.name)
  fmt.Println("Age: ", pers1.age)
  fmt.Println("Job: ", pers1.job)
  fmt.Println("Salary: ", pers1.salary)

  // Access and print Pers2 info
  fmt.Println("Name: ", pers2.name)
  fmt.Println("Age: ", pers2.age)
  fmt.Println("Job: ", pers2.job)
  fmt.Println("Salary: ", pers2.salary)
}

Result:

Name: Hege
Age: 45
Job: Teacher
Salary: 6000
Name: Cecilie
Age: 24
Job: Marketing
Salary: 4500

Pass Struct as Function Arguments #

Structs can also be passed to functions as arguments:

package main
import "fmt"

type Person struct {
  name string
  age int
  job string
  salary int
}

func main() {
  var pers1 Person
  var pers2 Person

  // Pers1 specification
  pers1.name = "Hege"
  pers1.age = 45
  pers1.job = "Teacher"
  pers1.salary = 6000

  // Pers2 specification
  pers2.name = "Cecilie"
  pers2.age = 24
  pers2.job = "Marketing"
  pers2.salary = 4500

  // Print info by calling a function
  printPerson(pers1)
  printPerson(pers2)
}

func printPerson(pers Person) {
  fmt.Println("Name: ", pers.name)
  fmt.Println("Age: ", pers.age)
  fmt.Println("Job: ", pers.job)
  fmt.Println("Salary: ", pers.salary)
}

Result:

Name: Hege
Age: 45
Job: Teacher
Salary: 6000
Name: Cecilie
Age: 24
Job: Marketing
Salary: 4500

Tip: Passing structs to functions is useful to handle and organize structured data efficiently.